Impacts on Environmental Policies for Air Pollution

Impacts on Environmental Policies for Air Pollution Implications for the Future In Charlotte, NC a problem of environmental, is air pollution. Air pollution is the preface of a combination of solid particles and gases into the atmosphere of Earth’s. Such solid particles and gases comprise biological particulates, materials, chemicals, and additional destructive materials. Air pollution has turn out to be a foremost apprehension for residents in the Charlotte Metropolitan area, since it is one of the prime and incessantly developing metropolitan regions in the USA. As a result, the pollution in this region has an effect on the environment and virtually 2.45 million humans beings and several animals. In addition the Charlotte Metropolitan region is one of the smoggiest metropolitan areas of the United States’ (Hankins, 2013). Air pollution adds to change in climate, have an effect on the welfare of the surroundings and that of human and animals life, and have an effect on the quality of life. Several strategies subsist for endorsing constructive environmental behavior to battle air pollution, and the positive and negative outcomes of air pollution can add to pro-environmental behavior. In addition, as for innovative technologies, there are negative and positive advances that have an effect on the environment and policies of environmental having an influence on the atmosphere. Strategies for Positive Environmental Behavior Promotion â€Å"Traffic and industrial air pollution sources increase in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, particularly in populations suffering with core cardiovascular disease† (Barrett (2012), p. 1). To support positive behavior of environment as for battling the air pollution effects or reducing the quantities of mixtures of solid particles and gases into the atmosphere, several strategies exist. In particular two strategies are to fetch about social alertness of the outcomes of air pollution and taking action in opposition to the actions of discharging mixtures of solid particles and gases into the environment. Social alertness is one means of promoting constructive environmental behavior that conveys attention to the outcomes of air pollution with respect to the environmental effects and illustrates the individuals attentions with respect to informative information in relation to the health risks of an environmental problem. Once individuals turn out to be aware, that is, relating to the environmental outcomes of air pollution then there is a superior possibility that this will endorse positive environmental behavior with reference to modifying processes and behavior that add to mixtures of solid particles and gases discharging into the environment. An additional strategy to endorse positive environmental behavior is to acquire action in opposition to the processes and behavior of release mixtures solid particles and of gases into the environment. By taking action, this demonstrates the apprehension with reference to this problem of environment, and action such can certainly endorse the positive behavior of environmental of others with reference to altering the behavior and processes that add to discharging mixtures of solid particles and gases into the environment. Negative and Positive outcomes of Air Pollution add to Pro-environmental Behavior Air pollution positive and negative consequences have the capability of escalating pro-environmental behavior in exacting ways. It might not appear similar to negative consequences of air pollution can add to pro-environmental behavior other than certainly this can. Air pollution negative consequences are that it has an effect on the environment, adds to change in climate, and adds in the decline of welfare of human and animals (Brunekreef Holgate, 2002). Particularly, for human beings, air pollution adds to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, particularly for humans with core cardiovascular ailments (J.R. Barrett, (2012).). These sorts of unconstructive outcomes direct to pro-environmental actions with respect to protecting the human health and environment from the air pollution effects and the effects of change in climate. Such negative outcomes can result in endorsements for organizations and individuals that do not meet the terms to place standards in position to diminish th e release of mixtures of solid particles and gases into the atmosphere. As a result, such negative outcomes of sanctions direct to behavior that adds to stopping such negative outcomes of air pollution and directs to behavior of pro-environmental to evade from such sanctions. In regard to positive consequences escalating pro-environmental behavior, when individuals are aware of that combating the negative outcomes of air pollution directs to positive consequences for instance lessening the negative effects of air pollution with reference to the environmental and human life. As a result, this behavior endorses persons to act in pro-environmental ways to additional reduce the injuriousness connected with the undesirable outcomes of pollution of air, which directs to pro-environmental behavior. As well, such positive outcomes will persist to direct to pro-environmental behavior consecutively to not endure from additional or future outcomes of air pollution. How Technological Advancement have affected the Environment Technological progressions are making the production, processing, distribution, development, and exploration of natural resources and substitute resources extra cost effective, and protecting in regard to the environment. Technological advances provide humans a means of battling negative outcomes on the environment that are the effect of human mistake, human behavior with reference to exhaustion of natural resources, and additional human behavior that contributes to negative effects on environmental for instance air pollution. As a result, technological advancements can have positive effects on the atmosphere; on the other hand, technological advances can as well have unconstructive outcomes on the atmosphere. Quite a few positive and negative instances subsist of technological advancements that have an outcome on the surroundings. One positive instance especially is the Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV). â€Å"A Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) is a kind of electric vehicle and hybrid vehicle which merges a conservative internal combustion engine (ICE) system of propulsion with an system of electric propulsion† (S. K. Kazmi, (2012). p. 40). These kinds of vehicles restrict the effects of emissions being discharged into the environment which adds to air pollution since they make use of systems of electric propulsion that do not need the utilization of fossil fuels. On the other hand, exacting technological advancements have restrictions, and cannot meet up explicit objectives or wants of humans with reference to not influencing the surroundings. As a result, the Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) are as well negative instances of how advancements in technological influence the environment. Hybrid Electric Vehicles make use of systems of electric propulsion together with internal combustion engine (ICE) system of propulsion (S. K. Kazmi, (2012).). As a result, they yet need the utilization of fossil fuels which discharge emissions into the environment and add to negative effects on environment for instance air pollution. as well, these types of vehicles yet depend on additional fossil fuels for instance oil to grease the stirring parts of their ICE propulsion systems; as a result, the fossil fuel demand yet remains. Technological advancments can have positive outcomes on the atmosphere other than at the similar time yet influence the environment in negative means. Assessing the Environmental Policies Influence , â€Å"Environmental policies can have negative and positive effects for individuals and for a society all together† (L.Steg, (2013). p. 257). Environmental policies are individuals and organizations commitments to position policies, laws, or rules that are of the concern of sustainability of environmental and issues of environmental. As for individuals they can both acknowledge and change behavior to act in accordance with with environmental policies or turn out to be subject to the outcomes of challenging such policies. Many environmental policies can negatively have an effect on a particular person since of the outcomes of not conforming with such policies; on the other hand, such policies have constructive outcomes for the preponderance of persons (L.Steg, (2013).).). As for society, when policies of environmental are in effect absolutely have an effect on society. Organizations and Individuals have influences on executing environmental policies in expressions of how both organizations and individuals have an effect on the environment and how what happens in and to the environment influences individuals or occupants of the environment. As a result, executing environmental policies take place at diverse levels with reference to protecting, effecting and targeting individuals and organizations consecutively to safeguard the environment and its occupants (L.Steg, (2013).). Environmental policies have constructive effects for the environment since they safeguard the environment, humans, animals, ecosystems, and from the negative actions of organizations and humans. Environmental policies incessantly require changing or improving, safeguard and protect the environment and occupants of the environment. Conclusion Air pollution is a problem of environment that has an effect on the safety of the environment, contributes to change in climate, and the welfare of human beings and animals. Strategies such as bringing in relation to social alertness of the air pollution effects to the environment and taking action in opposition to the actions of discharging emissions into the environment are proficient of endorsing positive environmental actions. The positive and negative consequences of air pollution have that ability of escalating pro-environmental actions. Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) is instances of how technological advancement positively and negatively have an effect on the environment. In addition, environmental policies can have a constructive effect on the atmosphere when executing such policies. References J.R. Barrett, (2012). Air pollution intervention. Environmental Health Perspectives, 120(3), 1. B., Brunekreef, S. T. Holgate, (2002). Air pollution and health. The Lancet, 360(9341), 1233-42. M.Hankins, (2013). Charlotte Magazine. S. K. Kazmi, (2012). Hybrid Electric Vehicle. Pakistan Gulf Economist, 31(39), 40-42. L.Steg, (2013). Environmental psychology: An introduction. NJ: Wiley-Blackwell. Hoboken,

Penelope, the Odyssey

Penelope, Loyal Wife of Lord Odysseus While Penelope is not the principal character in Homer’s The Odyssey, Odysseus’ perception of her is optimal. The relationship between them is not based on loyalty, we, the audience, have the privilege to understand his genuine feelings towards her. Throughout Odysseus’ journey, Homer assures us that he loves Penelope regardless of the fact that he has his episodes of infidelity. Homer also insinuates that Odysseus, although maybe not immediately, acknowledges the sacrifices that she makes for him.He also elaborates that Penelope is dedicated to Odysseus by constantly reminding us of how she refuses to give up on her marriage and settle with one of the many suitors that plague her estate. Penelope proved herself to be a strong individual in The Odyssey. For years during Odysseus’ absence from his kingdom, unable to return home, there were men who contended against one another hoping that they would be able to take Odys seus’ place on his throne.However, Penelope continued to wait for her husband to come home regardless of how unlikely it was that Odysseus would reclaim his title of king, all while allowing the possible replacements to believe that they have a chance as Antinous describes to Odysseus and Penelope’s only son: â€Å"So high and mighty, Telemachus—such unbridled rage! Well now, fling your accusations at us? Think to pin the blame on us? You think again. It’s not the suitors here who deserve the blame, it’s your own dear mother, the matchless queen of cunning.Look here. For three years now, getting on to four, she’s played it fast and loose with all our hearts, building each man’s hopes– dangling promises, dropping hints to each– but all the while with something else in mind. (Book 2:90-100) This suggests that women of the society in Ancient Greece would be devoted and dependent on their husbands, but were also given optio ns to pave their own paths. If tragedy were to strike, women would be able to do what they wanted to, in terms of choosing a new husband.Throughout the epic poem, Penelope can be viewed as either active or passive—active, in the sense that she is content with being independent and not allowing the suitors to sway her mind towards choosing them, and passive, because she allows the same suitors to eat away at her possessions and also that she remains submissive as a loyal wife. However, the only constant that is guaranteed is that she does love and is loyal to Odysseus, as she reveals to a stranger, oblivious to the fact that it is her husband, in fact, in disguise: â€Å"No, no, stranger,† wise Penelope demurred, â€Å"whatever form and feature I Had, what praise I’d won, he deathless gods destroyed that day the Achaeans sailed away to Troy, my husband in their ships, Odysseus—if he could return to tend my life the renown I had would only grow in glory. N ow my life is torment . . . look at the griefs some god has loosed against me! All the nobles who rule the islands round about, Dulichion, Same, and wooded Zacynthus too, and all who lord it in sunny Ithaca itself– they court me against my will, they lay waste my house. So I pay no heed to strangers, suppliants at my door, not even heralds out on their public errands here– I yearn for Odysseus, always, my heart pines away. Book 19:138-51) It was also made clear to the suitors, even though they were being led on, that they understood that Penelope had no interest in substituting Odysseus, as explained by one of the murdered suitors: â€Å"Famous Atrides! † Amphimedon’s ghost called back. â€Å"Lord of men, Agamemnon, I remember it all, your majesty, as you say, and I will tell you, start to finish now, the story of our death, the brutal end contrived to take us off. We were courting the wife of Odysseus, gone so long. She neither spurned nor embraced a ma rriage she despised, no, she simply planned our death, our black doom!This was her latest masterpiece of guile: she set up a great loom in the royal halls and she began to wave, and the weaving finespun, the yarns endless, and she would lead us on: ‘Young men, my suitors, now that King Odysseus is no more, go slowly, keen as you are to marry me, until I can finish off this web . . . so my weaving won’t all fray and come to nothing. This is a shroud for old lord Laertes, for that day when the deadly fate that lays us out at last will take him down. I dread the shame my countrywomen would heap upon me, yes, if a man of such wealth should lie in state without a shroud for cover. Her very words, and despite our pride and passion we believed her. So by day she’d weave at her great and growing web– by night, by the light of torches set beside her, she would unravel all she’d done. Three whole years she deceived us blind, seduced us with this scheme . . . (Book 24:130-57) While Penelope can be deemed mischievous by those whom she had deceived, the result was that she was truly faithful to her husband, despite the amount of time she had to wait for him and aside from his lack of fidelity towards her. Works Cited Homer. The Odyssey. Trans. Robert Fagles. New York, 1996

What Makes a Student Successful

What Makes a Student Successful? Marie Biays ENG102 – English Composition Colorado State University – Global Campus Professor Jennifer Naimark November 10, 2012 What Makes a Student Successful? Some would say success is based on the determination of the student or how well of an educator a teacher is. I believe that success is based on my determination. I do not quit anything I have started. Quitting to me is the easy way out. There are certain deeds that a person can take in order to become a good student. In order to do so, he must embody certain characteristics.These characteristics are innate for many, but those who do not currently have them can develop them. Just as someone can take actions to become a good student, he can also take actions to develop the characteristics of a successful student. Develop an attitude and passion for learning by remaining curious and inquisitive. Use your curiosity to help you become a professional researcher. Remember to have an ope n mind and to remain as objective as possible while conducting research. Stay open-minded in order to use the information collected during research, to develop analytical and critical thinking skills.Become the type of student that studies academics instead of one who simply attends classes. Take the initiative to study on a daily and regular basis without requiring instruction to do so. Make learning a priority; this is a hard one for me because reading is not one of my favorite things to do. Have confidence and believe in your academic abilities. Be tenacious and persevere. Never succumb to an attitude of mediocrity. Responsibility is another characteristic every college student must have in order to be successful.Students who are responsible know what their tasks are and are always a step ahead. For example, if there is a party the night before an exam a student who wants to do excellent will study instead of going to the party (2008, 09, Characteristics of Successful College Stu dents). Develop self-discipline by using time wisely. Do what needs to be done, when it needs to be done, regardless of what you may not feel like doing. Refrain from being a procrastinator; another hard one for me, but I am working on it. Be continually and consistently prepared.Managing your time well helps you to stay on top of your work and to succeed as a student. If you've been assigned a heavy load of homework, use lunch hours and breaks to complete your assignments. Limit distractions by working in a quiet area such as a library, coffee shop or home office. Call a study partner when you need help, and take regular breaks to help you focus and stay on track. Developing listening skills will assist you in becoming a good student. But it’s not as easy as simply listening to the lecture or the lesson plan being presented.Concentrate on the subject matter, not how it is delivered to the class. Limit distractions by turning off all your electronic devices and going to a qui et area in your home or a nearby library. If you find yourself not paying attention, stay on track by taking notes and developing questions to ask your instructor. Be humble and realize that you can always learn more regardless of what you may already know and understand. Listen to and learn from your instructor. Learn from your mistakes and the mistakes of others.I am confident that if I develop the habits outlined above that I will see a major improvement in my academic success. In fact, I have already developed some of the habits outlined above and I have seen an improvement in my academic success. I look forward to more improvement! References (2008, 09). Characteristics of Successful College Students. StudyMode. com. Retrieved, November 10, 2012, from http://www. studymode. com/essays/Characteristics-Successful-College-Students-164896. html [Web log message]. (2011, July 29). Retrieved from http://blog. chegg. com/2011/07/29/10-habits-of-successful-college-students/

Power Must Never be Trusted Without a Check - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1845 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Politics Essay Type Critical essay Tags: Political Essay Power Essay Did you like this example? à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Power must never be trusted without a checkà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ -John Adams. When a government is to be formed, one of the major concerns of the forefathers of a nation is that there is enough liberty given to each organ of the state so as to ensure their proper functioning and liberty, the government is supposed to be divided into three separate organs (the legislature, the executive and the judiciary )with a special system of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"checks and balancesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. This was the system proposed by Montesquieu an eighteenth century philosopher. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Power Must Never be Trusted Without a Check" essay for you Create order Almost all forms of governments around the world, including the Indian Government tried to adopt a similar structure. It was a good beginning of the process for forming a successful government, however the problem starts when we enter into the twenty first century and the government still remains hung over to the ideas of Montesquieu and his theory of having only three organs à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" the legislature, the executive and the judiciary. In order to understand this issues with this theory, we shall discuss the ideas and critiques pointed out by Bruce Ackerman in his article à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Goodbye Montesquieuà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , where he explains how a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“a new separation of powers à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“ is emerging in the twenty first century. For the ease of understanding lets consider the situation with the Indian Government. The Indian Government has not adopted a rigid separation of powers, which complicates the situation even more. There is a broad categorization of the three major organs the legislature, the executive and the judiciary, but their boundaries are not as strong as that in the United States of America. In a nation like India, which is the worldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s largest democracy, one has to be cautious while demarcating the organs of the government. As observed by Nicholas Robinson in an article, there is a continuous tug of war between the legislature and the executive for power. We saw how, political redress though having a higher level of access to the people could not fetch them even a satisfactory level of remedy while the judiciary which has a lower access to people had a better rate of grievance redress. The winner among the three being administrative redress, which leads to the formation of another organ dividing the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"pure trinityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢- delegated legislation. The legislature in India is a huge organ with a number of powers and responsibilities, in order to reduce its burden the legislature is often delegated to the executive, once again diminishing the line of separation of powers between the three organs. So how does one draw a line or keep a balance while separating powers? This proves that India does not really follow a rigid separation of powers, as also observed by HonÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€¦Ã‚ ¸ble Chief Justice B.K. Mukherjea in the case of Ram Jawaya V. State of Punjab: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“The Indian Constitution has not indeed recognized the doctrine of separation of powers in the absolute rigidity but the functions of the different parts or branches of the Government have been sufficiently differentiated and consequently it can very well be said that our Constitution does not contemplate assumption by one organ or part of the State of the functions that essentially belong to another.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [1] Thus we can say that the problem is not really separation of powers but when the separated powers and functions are not properly defined. The most di sputed organ of all is the executive as it is considered that too many powers are conferred upon them with the entire functioning of the bureaucracy and the delegated legislation. There are numerous debates on excessive delegation that is going around in this century. In cases like In Re Delhi[2], the issue which was discussed was that can the governor make a law in a state with a mere issuance of notification? Does this result to excessive delegation? In our opinion it does as making of laws is the main function of the legislature and executive should be delegated these function only in extreme cases. The legislature need not delegate so many powers to the executive that it loses its face value. Again in the caseof Ram Jawaya V. State of Punjab[3], the executive made a law without a back up from the legislation. The problem with the executive making laws is that there is not enough debate on it in the parliament and the judiciary also does not always strike down delegated legisl ation as to be à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"pro-welfareà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. Thus we can observe that there are a lot of problems within the organs of the government and not enough reason are given by these organs before or after passing of a legislation. Ackerman in his article further discusses the war for power between the bureaucracies and the politicians in a parliamentary form of a government, where the Prime Minister can try to populate the administration with their supporters in order to maintain support. On the other hand the civil servants try to get their way, as they are a part of the system for a longer period of time than the politicians, so they surely have an advantage. Bruce Ackerman has clearly pointed out the need for understanding separation of powers in his article Good Bye Montesquieu. While Montesquieus trinity did fit and suffice the segregation of organs of the 18thcentury it is hard to implement the same in todays scenario. Bruce has acknowledged and recognized th e new and independent organs functioning in the present society, which do not fit in the classic three organs of separation of power. A need to have in more blocks or more such organs is felt. However to draw a clear demarcation among them would be undesirable, an absolute and complete separation of powers is theoretically and practically impossible. If we are to understand and put separation of powers in a formula the essential components would be: a. The same individuals cant be simultaneously present in more than one organs of government. b. and any particular organ of government ought not control or meddle with the work of an alternate. c. That one organ of government ought not practice the capacities of an alternate. Such a formula is practically impossible to implement when machinery is such dependent on function of each of its organs that a communication amongst them is indispensable. What we can do is that a fourth entity can be brought into existence so that the tussle for power among the organs can be checked and regulated for a smooth functioning of the government. A hint to such a measure can be derived from the following observation: InPeoples Union for Civil Liberties v. Union of India[4]the Court observed that rule making is the function of the executive. As the learned Chief Justice Velma has pointed out in his Dr. K.L.Dubey Lecture: Judiciary has intervened to question a mysterious car racing down the Tughlaq Road in Delhi, allotment of a particular bunglow to a Judge, specific bunglows for the Judges pool, monkeys capering colonies to stray cattle on the streets, cleaning public conveniences, and levying congestion charges at peak hours at airports with heavy compliance of its orders. Misuse of the contempt power to force railway authorities to give reservation in a train is an extreme instance.[5] The Indian Judiciary is now moving from Judicial Activism to Judicial Adventurism. Policy decisions are best left to the exec utive. It is indisputable that Courts cannot run the government. If it tries to do that it would defeat the very purpose of the Constitution. Now the question that we are faced with is who will check such downtown approach of powers and in turn who will keep a check upon the organ checking the three organs itself? An evident trouble is that the claims made for the sake of inter-branch equalization for example, that development has vexed the offset of force between the limbs are made without passing on why we ought to think about that balance.Such claims rest on expected remarkable contrasts between the limbs of government; the conveyance of power around the extensions matters in light of the fact that those organizations wont choose addresses in the same way. That instinct about inter-extension distinction is taken as truth, however it is pitifully underpinned furthermore open to address. Nonetheless, understanding why we ought to think about this inquiry is a venture forward. It doesnt, nonetheless, safeguard the idea. In fact, it is a sad undertaking to discuss equalization around the extensions of government. We have not verged on articulating a dream of what a perfect equalization might look like. Even assuming that we had handled that regularizing inquiry, we have no real way to measure the circulation of force around the extensions sometime or another in time and no strategy to anticipate the impact of an institutional plan. In short, we dont comprehend what offset implies, how to measure it, or how to foresee when it could be endangered. All these inadequacies are part of the way clarified by the last and most central trouble with this thought. Inquiring about balance equalization is incongruous in light of the fact that it expects that limbs of government are unitary substances with durable investment, yet that is not accurate. The establishments of the national government are made up of people and sub-establishments with changing impetuses that dont conveniently track the establishment inside which they are placed. Hence there can never be a separation and can never be a cent percent accurate measure for checking the intrusion of one limb of the government into the another and one trying to overpower the another. In strict sense the principle of separation of powers cant be connected in any up to date Government either may be U.K., U.S.A., France, India or Australia. At the same time it doesnt imply that the standard has no significance now a days. Government is a natural solidarity. It cant be separated into air tightcompartments. History demonstrates this. Assuming that there is a complete partition of forces thegovernment cant run easily and adequately. Smooth running ofgovernment is conceivable just by co-operation and shared alteration of all the organs of the administration. Prof. Garner has rightly said, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the doctrine is impracticable as a working principle of Government. It is not conceivable t o order the capacities of every one of the three extensions of Government on numerical foundation. The perception of Frankfurter is prominent in this association. As stated by him Enforcement of a rigid conception of separation of powers would make Government impossible. It is our idea that the precept of Montesquieu is not just a myth, it additionally conveys a truth, yet as in every organ of the Government ought to function on the guideline of Checks and Balances connoting the reality that none of the organs of Government ought to usurp the fundamental capacities of the other. [1]Ram Jawaya V. State of Punjab AIR 1955 S.C. 549 [2]AIR 1951 S.C. 332 [3]Ram Jawaya V. State of Punjab AIR 1955 S.C. 549 [4]Peoples Union for Civil Liberties v. Union of India1997 1 SCC 301 [5]Peoples Union for Civil Liberties v. Union of India1997 1 SCC 301